Genetic Diversity of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Cultivars from Different Origins Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

Genetic diversity in 20 common bean genotypes belonged to different sources were studied using with 9 microsatellite (SSR) markers. The 9 SSR loci analyzed produced 32 alleles with an average 3.5 alleles per marker. The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 5, whereas the minimum and maximum alleles were observed in BM156 and BM199, respectively. The effective allelic number (ne) ranged from 1.11 (BM156) to 3.89 (BM199) with an average of 2.3. The He values ranged from 0.29 to 0.61 with an average of 0.39. The PIC values of SSR primer pairs ranged from 0.37 (BM154) to 0.68 (BM199) with an average of 0.47. Cluster analysis clearly delineated the genotypes in four major clusters. Iranian cultivars showed very distinct pattern from other genotypes, while genotypes from Turkey and Iraq grouped very close to each other. Results of principle co-ordinate analysis (PCoA) analysis showed that most of the cultivars are separated by the first or second PCoA, which demonstrated distinct groups of cultivars corresponding to cluster analysis. The high diversity among common bean genotypes from diverse gene pools suggests that cross breeding among these different regions will accelerate the process of diverse germplasm creation and broaden germplasm resources in common bean.