Analysis of Historical and Future Rainfall Projections in India's Lower Godavari Basin

Changes in evaporation and precipitation in the climate are precursors to changes in the water cycle due to the increase in temperatures due to climate change. In recent years, enormous changes in precipitation patterns have led to an increase in extreme rainfall events, reflecting flash floods in smaller areas. To understand this, you must study the rainfall patterns of the district and the smaller watersheds. In the present study, we have observed the trend of rainfall in the lower Godavari basin, which was part of the Godavari River from 1970 to 2019, using IMD 0.25X0.25 ° gridded rainfall data. According to the study, during the winter season and before the monsoon, there is no significant increasing or decreasing trend. In the post-monsoon season they are showing a negative and decreasing trend with a magnitude of 4 mm/year. But in the monsoon season, one end (the right end near the river mouth) of the basin or watershed is showing an increasing trend, while the left part is showing a significantly decreasing trend. In addition to that, future projections of the CMIP5 two scenarios data from 2000 to 2100 to understand the precipitation patterns in future projections. Lower Godavari basin from 2020–2040 and 2040-2100 with the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. With the RCP 4.5 scenario, the first 40 years (2020–2040) of the future projected mean seasonal rainfall are 4.5 mm/year higher in the western part of the sub-basin than in the eastern and river mouth regions.