Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Citrus maxima (Burm). Merr. Peel Extracts on Pathogenic Bacterial Isolates

Plants are feasible alternatives to conventional antibacterial therapies due to the various bioactive compounds they contain. Since the dawn of time, people have employed plants as medicine to cure a wide range of illnesses. Citrus maxima (Burm). Merr. is a commonly grown plant in Asian countries including India and its different parts are used to treat various health problems. The objective of the current study is to analyze antibacterial efficacy of Citrus maxima peel extract. The extract was investigated that exhibited potential antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli followed by Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus varied concentrations. The best inhibition was showed by acetone peel extract against S. flexneri and B. subtilis at 50 mg/mL with zones of diameter of 15.50 ± 1.25 (mm) and 12.66±0.86 (mm) respectively. The peel extracts demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against S. flexneri with MIC of 0.39 mg/mL. However, ethyl acetate extract showed negligible antibacterial activity. The current findings confirmed that acetone extract of C. maximum peel exhibited bactericidal effect on S. flexneri suggesting that it could be utilized as a substitute medication to treat a variety of disorders caused by pathogenic bacteria.