Caeserian Section Rates Analysed Using Robson’s Classification System: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Odisha

Introduction: Caesarean section rates have been slowly rising all over the world as the safety of operative deliveries has improved. An examination of a center's caesarean section incidence will reveal preventable causes of the growing issue. Caesarean section is usually performed to ensure safety of the mother and child under obstetric risks.

Objective: This retrospective study used Robson's Ten Group Classification System to examine the indications for caesarean deliveries over a one-year period from June 18, 2017 to June 17, 2018, and to determine the preventable causes of caesarean section.

Methods: The labour room delivery registry was used to track down all patients who gave birth during this time period. Age, parity, risk factors, mode of delivery, intrapartum incidents, and indication of caesarean section were all taken into consideration while reviewing their records.

The information was entered into an Excel spreadsheet and categorised using Robson's Ten Group Classification System.

Results: Caesarean section rate was 52.7% during the study period. Caesarean section was lowest in Group 3(10.31%) and highest in Group 6(92.68%).Group 2 made the highest contribution to overall Caesarean section rate(23.93%). Analysis of indications in Group 2 showed that Oligohydramnious and Post ART pregnancies were the two modifiable indications where decision towards Caesarean section was much liberal.

Conclusion: Primigravida who are admitted to the hospital for safe containment, i.e. not in labour, should be the focus of strategies to reduce the caesarean section rate. The hospital's policy on interference in oligohydramniosis and post-ART pregnancies needs to be reviewed. Strict policy recommendations on labour induction procedures and labour trials in prior caesarean cases would strengthen the situation.